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Existing health conditions, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, or being HIV-positive.
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Overweight and obesity - According to the American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, more than half of all pregnant women in the United States are overweight or obese. Obesity increases the risk for high blood pressure, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, stillbirth, neural tube defects, and cesarean delivery. NICHD researchers have found that obesity can raise infants' risk of heart problems at birth by 15%.
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Multiple births - The risk of complications is higher in women carrying more than one fetus (twins and higher-order multiples). Common complications include preeclampsia, premature labor, and preterm birth. More than half of all twins and as many as 93% of triplets are born at less than 37 weeks’ gestation.
- Young or old maternal age - Pregnancy in teens and women aged 35 or over increases the risk for preeclampsia and gestational high blood pressure.