This is a procedure where either the patient’s own Stem Cells (Auto) or that of an HLA matched donor (Allo) is transplanted in a bid to cure diseases like blood cancers, Thalassaemias and inherited metabolic disorders.Bone marrow transplants can be both Myelo-ablative where the recipient’s marrow is destroyed by strong Chemo-radiotherapy or Non-myelo-ablative where gentler regimens are used. Bone Marrow Transplant is an expensive and complicated procedure.Some patients may die during the procedure(Treatment-related mortality). There may be long-term complications like Graft-vs-Host Disese. Still it offers the only hope for cure in many blood disorders.